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so they burned through $144 millions (creditors money) + $180 millions (their own money) = $324 million on one bike design, 200,000 bikes? Unbelievable.

the bigger capacity you have, the less benefit you'll get from charging at 40V or 41V. One full charge 36V 19.2AH = 55 miles. 2,000 miles a year = 36 full cycle charges. At that rate, there is no benefit to you because you may not live long enough (41 more years) to see the difference.

can you do CC and CV from your PSU?

in that article by BMZ on the Samsung ICR18650-26F, the benefit of 4.1V charging begins to be noticeable from over 1500 full cycle discharge. Most e-bikers would use much less than 100 full cycles a year, about 5,000 miles a year from a 36V 15AH battery (full cycle discharges are cumulative, one...

it's only an issue if you need to charge at well under 4.2V per cell. Let's say you use a 42V charger with the output specified as 42V +/-0.1V. The amount of extra charge charge between 41.9V and 42V is very small. Saneagle used his programmable PSU to illustrate that point.

I did that sort of thing 7-8 years ago. Back in those days, welding sometimes failed. Really there is no need to worry about modern batteries made with Panasonic or Samsung cells. You can leave the battery in storage the whole year and see nothing special. The packs are not serviceable nowadays...

the balancing function does not have to be triggered at precisely 41.8V. A lot of battery control ICs check the voltages of individual banks all the time. When any bank shows a difference in voltage with its adjacent bank more than a set value (eg 35mV), the balancing function is triggered until...

why do you need a 0.01% accuracy for your bike? You only need a relative, not absolute, accuracy for most application. If you measure for example the output voltage of your battery in an hour or two, the error bias is the same, you compare the reading with previous readings, the difference does...

Most of the time, the measurements are on the same target device, a battery for example, so they are differential in nature. It's similar to using a tare. As far as I can see, a true RMS DVM with full 4 digit reading is good enough without needing calibration.

they all go wrong when the battery is flat, not only the cheap or analog ones. Op amps and comparators are sensitive to their Vcc. You can get 20,000 count true RMS DVMs for about £20-£30.

It depends on programming. Some are crude, some are not so crude. The key difference is you get an acceleration bump at the beginning if it's speed based, you don't if it's current base. After a couple of seconds, the difference more or less disappears. I made two videos to illustrate the...

I think all DVMs have built in voltage reference. Multitesters are limited usually by the number of digits of their LCD. There are plenty of cheap DVMs with 10,000 counts which can measure 41.xxV within +/-0.01V.

The Tongsheng 'Turbo' version is well priced to sell against the BBS01 And BBS02. I really can't see where the DM01 would sell into.

we keep batteries for the Santana. Rack batteries can also be easily replaced with a different model as the controller is connected to the battery with just red and black wires via 4mm bullet crimps.

the problem with the toseven project is they fixed the apparent hardware weaknesses of the TSDZ2 but they apparently don't have the ressources to create better code. If and when the seed money dries up, what would happen to the half finished project? Also, they neglect the fact that the road...

I liked the comment from Jaykob (#128): I don't think that the Toseven engineer went to Tongsheng because he couldn't/wasn't allowed to fix the weaknesses there, only to screw it up on his own baby ;-) o_O

single speed is not good. Low gear ratio is also not good. If you have to have a lightweight folding bike, take a look at the Woosh Rambletta. It fits you budget, has 8-speed and good gear ratio to let you pedal comfortably at 15mph. You also have the battery option of 36V 10AH or 36V12AH for...

I think it's better to wait until general availability. You know what you are getting with TSDZ02 and Bafang BBSes. There is no special innovation to justify early adoption of the DM01 and DM02.

that's a bit of oversimplification. The inhabitable zone is quite difficult to find out there. We can look at billions of start systems but found only about 5,000 exoplanets so far. The effort is now on finding planets with moons.

the torque on your DWG22C gives about 60NM max, the DWG2X 45NM but because the tyres on your Twenty is smaller ISO451 compared to 26" tyres ISO559 , so it can climb with about 90% ability. The main thing is the new kit is very efficient at 15mph and lighter.15mph on 28-451 tyres = 277RPM...