No don't use a pressure washer.
Use a thin bottle brush or air rifle bore brush and some liquid grease or penetrating oil to clean the short axle bore.
There isn't an inner channel for the balls to release/locate in to, they simply spring out once they pass the end of the axle bore. The axles are adjustable if the balls don't spring out correctly , the inboard axle end has a pair of flat sides to fit a spanner and one then tightens or loosens the aduster nut on the other end to lengthen or shorten the axle length by 2 or 3mm.
Shine a torch a long the axle bore and you will see it is plain /smooth and that the balls simply pop out at the other end of the short axle bore.
Also between the axle end face and the wheel hub bearing fit a 12mm dia hole x 18/20 mm o/a dia neoprene or rubber washer 0.5mm or 1mm to the axle so there is no metal to metal contact that can damage the bearing or wear the axle end.
Something like these.
5 x Bespoke Solid Neoprene Rubber Washer / Washers 0.5mm thk, upto 30mm diameter | eBay
One wants about 0.25mm play for nice rotation and use the axle adjustment end screw to acheive it.
A correct locating QR axle one should feel/sense the small bearing click out/in to place as they reach the end of the axle bore.
I take my wheels off and hang them up as I saw a case of someone who left them in situ and they left the trailer out in the rain, the balls /QR action rusted in place and it took the guy some time and work to free them. So keep them lubed up and store in the dry.